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The ear mushroom auricularia belongs to the family Auricular. It is eaten. In the people the mushroom is called differently. For example, dog ears or damn ear. Sometimes you can also hear the name Judah's ear. In Latin, the species name sounds like Auricularia auricula-judae. If you look at the mushroom, it is clear that these names of the species appeared due to the appearance of the cap. After all, it has a very unusual shape. And the name Judah's ear comes from the biblical legend of Judas. It says that he hung on his elder. And this mushroom often grows on it. In China, it has the name "Hey Muer." This phrase can be translated into Russian - "black wood ear."
Appearance
The hat has a shape that is unusual for the fungus, which is very similar to the auricle. The mushroom has medium size, the diameter of the cap is about 12 cm.It can be painted both in brownish-brown and in darker colors, up to almost black.
From the outside the surface of the cap is rough, and from the inside it is smooth. The mushroom of this species has a very short leg, which is adjacent to the surface of the tree.
The flesh is fragile, gelatinous, at the same time quite elastic. When drying, the body of the fungus becomes harder, decreases. Spore powder in this species is white. The spores themselves are elongated.
Where grows
Auricularia grows more in temperate climates. He likes areas with high humidity. You can collect them almost the entire year, but the most active fruiting occurs in late summer and early autumn. Auricularia grows in several pieces side by side, and one by one.
Application
Used mushroom since antiquity. He was both a component for cooking and a medicine.The Chinese have known and used it since the 3rd century. In the 16th century, the English researcher John Gerard described in detail the healing properties of auricularia. An infusion was prepared from it, which helped in the treatment of various eye diseases, as well as for a cold of the throat. From historical data it is known that the treatment with mushrooms was practiced in Europe. It was used in Germany, Scotland.
Medical applications
This ear mushroom is recognized as an effective therapeutic agent not only by traditional healers, but also by official medicine. It is useful to take in case of poisoning, since the mushroom is a good sorbent. In its action, it is not inferior to activated charcoal.
Reception of agents based on auricularia is recommended after the use of chemotherapy. These drugs can improve the composition of the blood.
With disorders in the work of the stomach and intestines, this mushroom helps to improve digestion. It is used in the treatment of allergies. Reception of means accelerates a metabolism, therefore they accept For weight reduction.
Funds based on auricularia are shown to people suffering from disorders of the heart and vascular diseases.The blood's ability to coagulate decreases, therefore, taking drugs, a person reduces the risk of thrombosis.
It is known that the fungus is taken to treat tumors. It helps to cure not only benign tumors. There are cases when the remedy has helped cure and malignant. Such remedies help stop bleeding, relieve inflammation and eliminate pain.
Contraindications
Not everyone can use such remedies. Like any other, some people are contraindicated.
It is impossible to be treated with means on the basis of auricularia during pregnancy, as well as young mothers who are breastfeeding. Children under 10 years of such drugs are also not worth taking. Sometimes there may be a reaction in the form of individual intolerance.
The composition of the fungus
Auricularia is recognized as a valuable food product, as it has a rich composition. The pulp contains carbohydrates and proteins, many useful elements.
The product is rich in magnesium, potassium. It has a lot of valuable vitamin B.
Cooking
These mushrooms are eaten almost everywhere,but especially many recipes with them exist among the peoples of the east. They are consumed dried and even fresh. Most often, auricularia is boiled before serving. Young mushrooms are usually consumed raw.
These mushrooms can usually be dried. Before you cook them, dried mushrooms are soaked. For a while, they must lie in the water to get their original look and texture. Very popular mushroom in Chinese cooking. It is a component of soups, meat dishes, meat sauces, and various salads.
Growing up
Landing is recommended in April or May. Germination is performed at a temperature of about 20 degrees. At first it occurs in piles. This process lasts about 3 months, after which the branches are cleaned in a darkened place.Fruit bodies begin to appear in August, if necessary conditions are created for this. Best of all, they grow in warm weather. If the substrate is constantly watered, the mushrooms will grow continuously.
It is possible to collect the mushroom after pores of white color form on the bottom of the cap. Mushrooms can be collected about 5-6 years.
In our area, this species is not very popular, but on the tables in recent years is more and more common.
Video: ear-shaped auricularia (Auricularia auricula-judae)
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