What to do if you are bleeding from the nose: tips

Sudden nasal bleeding that begins in a person causes confusion in surrounding people. But after all at this moment their help is so necessary. How can you help a person with nosebleeds?

The reasons

This type of bleeding begins due to damage, and the integrity of the fragile vascular wall is violated. The same blood and nose can go if a person has poor blood clotting. It can begin spontaneously and due to the injury. And the reasons may be pathology of a local nature or general. Doctors consider local cases to be such possible cases:

1. Identified anomalies of the vascular system, when, for example, there is expansion of the veins and arteries.
2. When the choroid plexus is located superficially. So it’s pretty easy to damage them.90 percent of people suffer from this - they often have bleeding.
3. The changed structure of the mucous, which is caused by various complex infectious diseases.
4. Excessive dry air. What happens is that the mucous membrane, which is left without moisture, has to shrink from the vascular wall. As a result, the natural elasticity with the lack of strength is lost.

• injuries. Even the innocuous habit of picking your nose;
• any object caught in the nose;
• various kinds of tumors;
• curvature of the septum.

Bleeding of a general nature has its own characteristics, a significant role is played by blood clotting together with impaired permeability of the walls of blood vessels. They arise as a result of:

• chronic inflammations concentrated in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses;
• chronic liver disease;
• sharp pressure jump;
• blood disorders, especially hemophilia;
• inflammations of blood vessels, which leads to their increased permeability.

What can be done?

More often begin bleeding completely unexpectedly. Blood can appear from one or two nostrils simultaneously. And the intensity is different:

• blood flows slowly, and can stop itself;
• a constant jet, and a long time. Independently does not stop.

If bleeding is caused by any local cause, it often recurs, which leads to a general depletion of the body, modern medicine fights them with various methods. If, for example, the culprit is the superficial vessels located in the septum, they are cauterized. To do this, use a laser, current, liquid nitrogen.

For general reasons, a complete examination should occur, first you will need laboratory tests of blood and urine. On their basis, the conclusion should be given by many specialists, including a hematologist, an endocrinologist, an infectious diseases specialist.

If a person was given first aid from passers-by, he should not ignore such a problem, since if the bleeding becomes permanent, anemia develops, the protective properties of the organism decrease significantly.So, already the causative agents of any disease can freely attack any organ. In addition, oxygen starvation occurs, and this leads to irreversible changes.

How to help stop bleeding

Naturally, giving help, you need to try to stop the blood. And only after that advise the person to go to the hospital.

Often, the affected person has fear in this condition. There is a strong heartbeat, pressure changes, leading to greater blood loss. Therefore, the patient needs to be reassured, to explain that nothing dangerous happens, and others are ready to help.

1. A person must be in an upright position, and, sitting down, you need to maximize the back of the chair. The head should be tilted slightly forward so that the blood does not remain in the nose. It is completely unacceptable to advise to tilt the head back, because the termination of the discharge will be imaginary, the flow into the throat will begin. Instinctively, a person will begin to swallow blood, which often leads to coughing and vomiting. And these actions will cause more bleeding.
2. Then you need to unbutton your clothes.These actions are necessary in order for a person to gain access to fresh air.
3. A cold scarf should be put on the nose area. Use a piece of ice or a cooled object. But at the same time the legs need to wrap.
4. It is necessary to ensure that the victim breathed like this: he inhaled through the nose, exhaled through the mouth. All these measures contribute to slowing blood circulation in the nasal area, help to quickly stop the flow of outgoing blood.
5. If we take into account that almost all nasal bleeding is caused by the choroid plexus, which is located in the nasal anterior part of the septum, this method helps to calm the blood: the wings of the nose are clamped with a hand, they come into contact with the septum, and the pathological process appears for a short time is terminated.

If this measure turned out to be ineffective, you will need to make a sterile swab to install it in the nasal passage. It is usually made up to 3 cm long and 0.5 cm thick. It is advisable to impregnate it with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution or any nasal remedy that has the function of narrowing the vessels. For example, "naphthyzine", "galazolin", etc.

If the bleeding is not so abundant, such measures will be sufficient. The main thing is to monitor the state of a person in trouble all the time, to measure his pulse, pressure and degree of consciousness.

Important! After this incident, you can not lift weights, be subjected to excessive physical exertion, blow your nose at least for 24 hours, since the body has not yet recovered, a relapse may occur.

After the bleeding is stopped, it is advisable to lubricate the inside of the nose thoroughly, but very carefully, with a swab soaked in vaseline oil. This procedure will protect the mucous membrane from drying out.

If the cause is a foreign body, and it has advanced too far, you should not try to get it. If it moves even deeper, there is a danger of it falling into the respiratory tract, which can cause suffocation in the victim. The extraction procedure can only be performed by a specialist.

If the cause of the bleeding was too dry in the room air, you need to ventilate the room constantly, avoiding such a state. In this case, it is desirable to drip the nose after cessation of bleeding with drugs that contain seawater.For example, Aquamaris.

When it is impossible to stop the blood under any influences, and it still flows for more than 20 minutes, causing damage to the body, or after a short period it resumes again, flowing in a single stream without clots, then urgent medical intervention is necessary. If there is no possibility to deliver the person urgently to the hospital, you need to call the ambulance team, and already on the way to the medical institution he will receive qualified help.

Hospital care procedures

But, if the cause is caused by changes in the posterior regions, then in these cases the blood flows differently - along the back of the nasopharynx. A man has to swallow it. In this case, this process provokes vomiting with a large admixture of blood.In order to stop a threatening process, doctors are faced with the task of establishing the true cause. It happens that it is not possible to establish the true cause very quickly, and the bleeding increases, the person feels worse. Then the doctors use the following method: they introduce a gauze swab into the nasal cavity, the length of which can be up to 25 cm. At the same time, a person receives drugs that can stop the blood.

If there is too much blood loss, therapy is needed to restore it.

Video: how to quickly stop bleeding from the nose