Doberman - description of the breed and character of the dog

The origin of the Doberman breed belongs to the end of the XIX century. If we compare with the time of the appearance of other breeds, then the beginning of the history of this origin is rather close to the events of our days. However, this fact is not grounds for the fact that the first stages of its genesis are known to the smallest details. The century separating us has shrouded them in mystery. The presence of mysteries and unexplained facts are due to the fact that the breeder who invented the Doberman did not keep step-by-step documentation and a diary of observations. Therefore, today we can only guess the real causes of some events.

The history of the origin of the breed Doberman

The creator of Doberman is considered by F.L. Doberman, who made a huge contribution to the development of cynology.His country of residence was Germany, by profession he was a tax collector. It was a position that pushed F. L. Doberman to the breeding of a new breed of dogs. Let's find out more about how this happened.

Obvious is the fact that many people often shied away from paying taxes, thereby not allowing the collector to do their job properly. The reluctance to give money to Doberman was often accompanied by aggression on the part of the debtors in his direction, from which it was necessary to somehow defend themselves. In addition to this, on duty, he had to carry large sums of money with him, which in itself is not safe. Due to these circumstances, Doberman decided that a dog could protect him. However, in the nursery he financed where homeless animals huddled together, there was no faithful companion able to accomplish the tasks set by Doberman. After that, the tax collector makes a decision to independently create a new breed of dogs, representatives of which would meet his expectations. To this end, he became a frequenter of local fair festivals, as well as exhibitions of nearby cities.They could find different animals, dogs were no exception. So, some time later, F. L. Doberman acquired several pinchers, whose offspring became the basis for the creation of a new breed. At this real evidence of breeding doberman breed ends. All other information about the degree of participation of other dogs in this process is not known. Numerous dog breeders and dog handlers call the Terrier, the Great Dane, and even the shepherd's dog the ancestors of the Doberman.

Researchers note that dog breeding was not the profession of F. L. Doberman. But the lack of special knowledge did not prevent him from achieving an excellent result in such a short period of time. After several decades, the same appearance and character of the dog began to be born to him. These were the fearless Dobermans, then called by the breeder the Thuringian Pinschers. Of course, they differed about those that are today, but the main thing - a start was made. The success of the tax collector is interpreted differently. Only one statement is obvious and defies discussion - F.L. Doberman managed to make history and achieve his original goal.

Later, O. Geller was amended to the Doberman breed, which sought to make the ferocious nature of the animal softer. Argument in favor of his decision, he considered the opinion related to the fact that the breed will not be spread well. Thus, that Doberman, which is so familiar to us today, turned out to be: a tough guard, amenable to training and respecting the authority of the host. The first official appearance of the breed took place in 1897. Subsequently, the number of specialists in breeding breeds grew steadily, which led to the emergence of a whole unification of Germany under the leadership of O. Geller.

The next country, which was conquered by representatives of this breed, was America. It was in the New World that the Doberman was named the Devil Dog.This name became winged and migrated to other continents. After overseas travel, the breed gradually spread over the territory of other countries. The Dobermans dogs reached the Russian Empire by the beginning of the 20th century. Here they immediately went to various departments, where dogs-guards were required.

Characteristics of the official standard breed Doberman

Dobermans have an elegant appearance. These are strong dogs whose muscles are highly developed, but they are not rude and heavy, which makes the animal elegant. A distinctive feature of Doberman is harmony in a combination of body proportions.

1. The average height of the Doberman (at the withers) reaches 70 cm (+/- 5). Body length should not exceed height by more than 5%. Large animals are not a standard of beauty of this breed. In relation to Dobermans, preference is often given to medium-sized dogs.
2. The business card of a purebred pet is the slightly elongated square head shape. In general, the skull is commensurate with the rest of the body. The transition from the forehead to the dog's face is clearly pronounced.The cheekbones are pronounced and tightened; there are no cheeks in dogs of this breed.
3. The ears are set very high, which allows them to stand upright.
4. The nose is wide, triangular in shape, always painted black. The exceptions are the brown noses of dogs whose color is lighter.
5. The slit of the pet's mouth is cut wide enough - reaches the molars.
6. The iris is usually the oval eyes of a dog painted in dark colors, with the exception of light shades found in individuals of brown color.
7. The neck of the representatives of this breed is different in length. In addition, the breed's elegance is achieved by the muscularity of this part of the body.
8. The Dobermans chest is wide, slightly protruding at the expense of the ribs. The belly is tucked up and picked up.
9. The tail also has a high landing. Sometimes it is stopped, but there are countries where this procedure is strictly prohibited.
10. The front legs are straight and strong. The same characteristics apply to the hind legs. Thighs have a rounded shape. The length of the limbs perfectly harmonizes with the general proportions of the body of the dog.
11. Dobermans skin is covered with tightly fitting short and hard hair. The undercoat is missing. The coat color is different.It varies from black to reddish red.

Interesting fact! World famous among dogs is considered to be a Doberman named Tref. In the first decades of the 20th century, they revealed 1,500 crimes. The shooting of its owner by the Bolshevik authorities left a negative memory in the animal. The detective ceased to carry out the search without his ally.

Character traits

Truly legendary is the idea that Dobermans are evil dogs. This delusion is often reinforced by film plots or books. Such thoughts repel people from acquiring Doberman dogs, especially if there are small children in the family. Specialists engaged in breeding pets of this breed, try to upload video clips to the network, where Dobermans behave good-naturedly. What are the causes of this stereotype?

The answer lies in the history of the origin of the breed. The first Dobermans were evil, and were made so intentionally, since their main purpose was to protect people and institutions. However, the breed gaining popularity has made its changes in the hands of breeders - the Dobermans today do not have the former ferocity.

Of course, it is impossible to deny the aggressiveness of Dobermans, since it is primarily an animal. But at the same time, we must not forget that the psyche of these dogs is much more balanced than the fighting breeds. Therefore, it is easier to train and control Dobermans. Although dog handlers emphasize that there are overly nervous and excitable dogs of the breed Doberman. The reason for this may be a genetic failure or poor education.

But in general, the representatives of this breed are peaceful today and are very attached to man. They love children and never allow themselves to hurt them. Dobermans lack a habit familiar to a large number of dogs to ignore the weak. So, they will not knock the baby down and will not take away from him something interesting or tasty. Dobermans respect the host and all households.

The kindness of Dobermans is not suspicious. Their good behavior is due to the calm. If an emergency occurs, the dogs are determined and ready for any action that will save the owner or help him. This indicates that protective and combat instincts are developed in dogs at a high level.With the right approach in the upbringing and training, the pet will become your personal security guard, with whom no one can match.

Speaking about the features of the intellectual development of the breed, it is worth noting the ingenuity and attentiveness of the dog. Dobermans do not strive for independence, they easily establish contact with different people, respect and obey the owner, unconditionally fulfill his commands. This is facilitated by the absence of harm and stubbornness in the character of the pet. The most important thing for a dog is the benefit it brings to its owner.

Interesting fact! "Give me that, Jim, lucky paw to me." These famous poems of S.A. Yesenin describe the dialogue between the actor Kachalov and his dog breed Doberman.

How to educate Dobermans?

If your pet is Doberman, then remember that among other things, you have a huge responsibility for his behavior. The seriousness of the educational processes in the life of this dog must be realized from the first moment that comes after the purchase of a puppy. Proper education of the pet should be based on trust and authority.If there is no warm relationship and love between you, if the dog does not understand that you dominate this friendship, then the process of education will be difficult. The pet will not obey you without wrangling, because he will not be able to trust you.

It should not be the first day of your acquaintance to dump the whole complex of educational exercises on an animal. Work with Doberman in this direction should be gradually. Pay attention to schooling and to the place. Schooling Doberman for walks has its own specifics. For a dog, it is not the fact of being in the open air that is important, but addiction to a variety of places. You can not be limited to walking the dog in a closed area of ​​a country site. This can lead to the fact that when you need to take an adult dog to a noisy and crowded city, this atmosphere will be regarded as critical and it will be difficult for him to cope with his excitability. The same goes for cars. From childhood it is necessary to teach a dog to different situations and means of transportation.

Be attentive to the relationship established between your pet and other dogs. Dobermans can be aggressive towards other dogs.

If you want to develop in a favorite some of his natural abilities, do it since childhood. To do this, in the form of a game, teach him the necessary skills, for example, the ability to search for things, people, and so on. For the usual education Doberman will need a set of standard commands. However, do not deprive the dog of happiness to develop, use its unique opportunities for your own good. So, Doberman can become an excellent companion in some sports games. Joint sports activities will help both the owner and the pet to stay in excellent physical shape.

How to care for Doberman?

Doberman will be equally comfortable both in the apartment and in the house. If you prefer the latter option, do not forget to walk the dog, leading out of your plot. Pet does not seek independence, it requires constant communication with the person. Travel with your dog to new walks, filled with adventures and discoveries, pay enough attention to your dog.

It is a pleasure to feed Dobermans, because in food the representatives of this breed are unpretentious. The simple way is dry food. However, we should not forget about natural products. Meat is an important source of protein for a dog, its ratio with other products should reach 50%. To maintain the health of the dog and its activity, give your pet mineral and vitamin supplements.

How to choose a Doberman?

When choosing a puppy, pay attention to its pedigree. Many say that it is necessary only for those dogs who are planning to make an exhibition career. However, information about the parents of the future pet will be for you a guarantee that the puppy you acquire will grow with all the characteristics of the breed.The pedigree will protect you from buying too cowardly or too aggressive Doberman.

Before buying an animal, you should talk with various breeders and go to nurseries. Honest breeders always warn about possible defects of the litter, help to choose the one that suits you and your requirements. Personal trips to nurseries will help you ensure a breeder’s responsible attitude to his business. If you decide to buy a puppy on an ad, contact an experienced dog handler or specialist in the field of breeding Dobermans for verification of the breed according to all established standards.

Video: Doberman dog breed