Amanita smelly - description of where the toxicity of the fungus grows

Every lover of "quiet" hunting knows that mushrooms have excellent taste, and also contain a large number of useful substances. It’s a pleasure to look for them, and perhaps to enjoy them is an even greater pleasure. After all, if this were not so, then why would they be collected at all?

However, mushroom pickers know firsthand about the treachery of the mushroom kingdom, when instead of a tasty dish on the table, you can get a hospital bed or, even worse, a small wooden box with a lid. Danger can wait under each bush and on any clearing. Many mushrooms, having a striking resemblance to the edible representatives of their kingdom, mistakenly fall into the baskets of mushroom pickers, which leads to dire consequences. One of these mushrooms can be considered a stinky fly agaric.

Appearance and characteristics

This mushroom is a representative of the Agarikomitsetov family, the Mukhomorov family. The genus Amanita, to which the smelly fly agaric also belongs, is quite significant and has several dozen species. Almost all of them are inedible or poisonous, and the white toadstool is no exception. It is one of the most deadly poisonous fungi. In its configuration and chemical composition, the snow-white grebe strongly resembles a pale toadstool.

Amanita stinky got its official name for the unbearable stench coming from it. The second, the common name - white (snow-white) grebe - appeared for the presence of a mushroom white boiled cap.

Indeed, the stinky fly agaric has a bright white, less often grayish or yellowish shade of the fruit body.

The plates, often located on the back of the cap, are thin and dense. Between the plates is spore powder, inhalation of which may cause temporary asphyxiation.

The flesh is white, dense, does not change color when broken. It has a sickening smell, increasing with age, and disgusting taste.

The leg is located in the center, has a cylindrical shape, expands to the bottom. Its thickness is 1-2 cm, length - from 7 to 15 cm. The leg has a rough scaly surface, around the cap there is a dense fibrous ring, which disappears over time. At the end of the leg, under the ground is a cup-shaped Volvo with free edges.

Distribution area

White grebe grows everywhere, but prefers swampy and wet places. Most often the mushroom chooses mixed and deciduous forests, somewhat less coniferous. Amanita smelly forms mycorrhiza, being in dense symbiosis with a tree. Growth season lasts from the end of July - until October, almost to the most frost. It grows in small groups or individually.

Amanita stinky very often found in the northern temperate latitudes.

Similar types and how to distinguish

Despite the repulsive smell, white toadstool still occasionally falls into the baskets of mushroom pickers. There is a simple explanation for this: the mushroom is very similar in appearance to certain types of edible mushrooms. These include:

1. Champignon coral. At first glance it is difficult to distinguish from a white toadstool, but there are still differences. The champignon has an egg-shaped cap, under which are hidden reddish-brown plates and a yellowish ring. At the end of the leg is missing a Volvo. When cracked, the pulp of the fungus darkens.
2. Volvariela is beautiful. This mushroom has no ring, and the plates are pink.
3. The float is white. The white float is more graceful and fragile with regard to the stinky Amanita. The leg inside is hollow, has no ring. The edge of the cap is streaked with small stripes.

The main distinguishing feature of all similar edible mushrooms from a stinking amanita is the absence of a sharp unpleasant smell.

The poisonousness of the mushroom smelly

Due to the presence of the white toadstool fetid amber, poisoning it occurs much less frequently than other types of poisonous fungi.Basically, this happens with novice mushroom pickers, experienced bloodhounds stinky smell of the fungus will necessarily repel.

Amanita smelly - very toxic and deadly fungus. It consists of virosin, which is destructive to humans, and contains a large amount of amatoxins and phallotoxins. The toxicity of the fungus is so great that it is not even recommended to collect edible species of mushrooms growing close to it. Disputes carried by the wind are also extremely poisonous and can get into useful specimens.

Note! Mushroom categorically can not be taken barehanded and is absolutely forbidden to eat. In order for death to occur, it is enough to eat 1/3 of the cap.

Symptoms of poisoning and first aid

Amanita smelly - very cunning mushroom. Signs of poisoning manifest themselves not immediately, but after a few hours or even 1.5 days. At this time in the body of an unsuspecting person, irreversible destructive processes are already underway. The time for therapy has already been lost, treatment is untimely and, at times, completely pointless.

Manifestation of poisoning:

1. Initially, the liver suffers from poisoning.This happens against the background of the general well-being of the poisoned, while the toxins only penetrate into the body.
2. The first visible signs are nausea, excessive salivation, chills and thirst.
3. Then there is repeated vomiting and abdominal cramps. There are cramps in the arms and legs.
4. Tachycardia and diarrhea develops. There are blood impurities in the liquid stool. Due to dehydration, great damage is caused to the kidneys.
5. At 2-3 days there is a period of improvement, but this condition is deceptive. Real recovery does not occur, toxins methodically kill all life in the body.
6. During this period, it is extremely important to provide the victim with first aid and call an ambulance; otherwise, death may occur in 10-12 days.

Necessary actions for intoxication:

• Call an emergency team of doctors.
• Rinse the stomach.
• Take sorbents and laxatives.

About 50% of the poisoned die, most often it is the children. In some particularly difficult cases, a liver transplant is performed to save the patient - this is the only chance to stay alive.

Video: smelly fly agaric (Amanita virosa)