Pigment spots on the face: causes and treatment

Ideal faces of models and actresses shine from television screens and glossy magazines, forcing us to strive for this perfection. We are engaged in a tireless struggle for a smooth, even and elastic skin. We fight wrinkles and acne, dry and oily skin. And if dryness and excessive fatness can be eliminated, wrinkles can be smoothed, and acne cured, then with pigmentation the situation is a little worse. To remove the pigment spots is quite difficult, because in this case, changes occur on the inner layers of the dermis. Today we will talk about pigment spots - how and why they appear, how to deal with them, and most importantly, how to prevent their reappearance.

External causes of the appearance of age spots

Like any other change in the body, pigmentation can occur due to internal and external causes.Internal - these are various changes in the body of a woman, which lead to a violation of the homogeneity of the pigment on the skin. External causes are associated with negative environmental effects. Let's talk about the possible external causes of the appearance of pigmentation in more detail.

1. Injuries to the skin. Normally, the skin produces a certain amount of melanin, which is distributed in a thin layer over the entire area. A pigment spot is a cluster of melanin closer to the surface of the epidermis. If you treat acne and acne too aggressively, removing the top layer of skin, then mechanical damage will remain in their place, leading to pigmentation. It also includes burns, boils, open wounds, aggressive peels and other procedures that lead to the removal of the upper layer of the skin.
2. Ultraviolet. Normal skin under the influence of ultraviolet becomes dark. It produces melanin, which is designed to protect the epidermis from the aggressive rays of the sun. If you stay under the sun for a very long time, melanin is unevenly distributed, pigment spots may appear. Especially if you do not protect the skin from the sun after the peeling procedure - in this case, the pigmentation can not be avoided.Remember, ultraviolet is very dangerous, you can not sunbathe in the sun at noon. Pigment spots are not the worst thing that can happen. Prolonged exposure to the sun is fraught with neoplasms (oncology).

These are the main external causes of the appearance of pigment spots. And if you can somehow cope with them, then what to do with the changes in the body's work that lead to pigmentation?

Internal causes of pigment spots

The skin is a reflection of all the internal processes of the body. If a person leads a healthy lifestyle, adheres to proper nutrition, moves a lot and does not get sick, his skin will be elastic, healthy and monotonous. So what changes do pigmented spots indicate?

1. Hormones. Most often, pigment spots appear on the background of hormonal changes in the body. Often these spots can be seen before the menstrual cycle, during puberty, menopause, pregnancy, etc. In this case, the treatment will not bring the expected result until the hormones return to normal.
2. Genetic predisposition. A huge amount of information is transmitted from mother to child — the shape and size of body parts, the predisposition to certain diseases,the thickness of the skin and its sensitivity to sunlight. If parents have age spots, there is a high probability that, at a certain age, the spots will definitely appear in children.
3. Aging. As a rule, in old age pigmentation increases due to the uneven distribution of melanin, due to hormonal changes, chronic diseases. In addition, the skin loses its elasticity and firmness, the pigmentation becomes more pronounced.
4. Diseases of the liver and digestive tract. Some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver lead to a violation of metabolic processes in the skin. Spots of a reddish hue speak of problems with the gastrointestinal tract, yellow and brown are most often the result of the release of bile into the tissue. In this case, you need to check the work of the liver and biliary tract.
5. Medication. Acceptance of antibiotics and hormonal drugs for a long time can lead to pigment spots on the face.
6. Allergy. If you experience allergic reactions in the form of rashes and itching, and they last for a long period, these lesions on the skin can develop into pigment spots.
7. Endocrine disorders. When pigment spots occur, doctors most often suspect endocrine disruption. Pituitary tumors and disorders of the thyroid gland can cause the appearance of age spots.
8. Worms Pigmented spots on the face and other parts of the body, which are usually not darker, but lighter than the basic tone of the epidermis, may indicate parasitic invasion. Be sure to submit an analysis to confirm or deny this.

In addition, the pigment may appear on the face due to insufficient amount of necessary vitamins in the body. Pigmented spots may be accompanied by diagnoses such as syphilis, tuberculosis, autoimmune disorders.

How to treat age spots

To get rid of unpleasant pigment spots on the face, you need to try to find out why they have arisen. To do this, you need to visit a therapist and, if necessary, more specialized doctors - a gynecologist, endocrinologist, dermatologist, gastroenterologist, etc. If doctors do not find systemic changes in their parts, you need to contact a beautician. The doctor will offer you professional ways to remove age spots.

1. Phototherapy This procedure involves exposing the skin to special rays that penetrate deep into and destroy the foci of melanin accumulation. The inconvenience of using such a method is that it is necessary to fight pointwise, processing only darkened areas. The procedure is absolutely painless.
2. Mesotherapy. The principle of this procedure is that special whitening and vitamin formulations are injected under the skin, which prevent the formation of spots and lighten the already dark areas on the skin. To achieve a good result, you need to do mesotherapy every week for several months. This procedure is indicated for thin and sensitive skin, since other means cannot be used in this case.
3. Cryotherapy. This treatment of stains with liquid nitrogen. After some time after the procedure, the old skin is peeled off along with the pigment area, the face becomes more uniform. The procedure is especially effective against senile pigment.
4. Laser peeling. Laser grinding involves deep peeling when the beautician removes the top layer of the epidermis along with tint stains.Since laser resurfacing is quite a painful procedure, it is performed under anesthesia.
5. Chemical peeling. Chemical peeling is the removal of the same upper layer of the skin, but certain acids are used for this. They corrode the stratum corneum of the epidermis, along with pigmentation.
6. Ultrasound. Ultrasound is carried out after peeling - laser or chemical. At the darkened areas of the skin direct rays of high frequency, which literally destroy the accumulation of melanin. To save the result is enough 10-12 procedures per year.

In addition, the beautician can offer bleaching creams based on mercury and zinc paste. They are quite effective, but have a number of contraindications - pregnancy and lactation among them. But if there is no time or money to visit a beautician, how to whiten the skin at home?

How to get rid of age spots yourself

In the piggy bank of folk recipes there are a lot of magical ingredients that can whiten a face and give it a solid color. Home lightening means are effective only with constant use, the result will be noticeable after 2-3 procedures.

1. Parsley and kefir. Both of these components have a pronounced bleaching effect. On a bunch of parsley will need two tablespoons of yogurt. Greens should be crushed in a blender until smooth. It is very important, the parsley cut by a knife will not give so much juice and useful substances. Mix the green mass with kefir and apply the product to cleansed skin. You will achieve the best effect if you apply a mask after peeling. Leave the mask for 30 minutes and then wash it off with water.
2. Orange, sugar, butter and cucumber. A medium-sized cucumber should be minced and mixed with a teaspoon of any cosmetic oil (can be olive), the same amount of orange juice and sugar. Apply the product to the skin, making light massage movements, as if clearing the epidermis of the stratum corneum. The resulting scrub perfectly remove the top layer of skin, along with dark spots. Citrus is an acid that, as a chemical peel, eats away dead skin flakes. Sugar crystals perform the role of mechanical grinding. Oil provides nourishment and moisturizes the skin, cucumber has a powerful whitening effect.
3. Yeast and lemon juice. Mix a pack of yeast with fresh lemon juice.Apply the mixture to the skin and leave for 20 minutes. The mask gives a good whitening effect. To maintain the result you need to apply a similar mixture on your face every week.
4. Coconut oil and cranberries. Fresh or frozen berries need to chop and mix the pulp with coconut oil. Apply the mixture to cleansed skin and leave for half an hour. The effect is noticeable after the first procedure. The mask perfectly whitens the face and eliminates not only pigmentation, but also freckles.
5. Hydrogen peroxide and oatmeal. Mix the peroxide with the ground oatmeal so that a creamy mass is obtained. Apply the mask to your face and leave for 30 minutes. This is a good tool for whitening thin and sensitive skin.

Home-made whitening recipes are really effective if you are ready to do them patiently and regularly every week or even more often.

In the fight against pigmentation, much attention is paid to prevention. To protect your skin from age spots, you need to cover it from direct sunlight. Wear wide-brimmed hats, use sunscreens with high SPR. It is better to refuse visiting solarium.Carefully approach the choice of hormonal drugs. Watch the quality of your food, avoid constipation, because often the spots appear on the background of slagging intestines. Follow these simple rules and you will not be afraid of age spots!

Video: Chinese pigment mask