Why do age spots appear on the face?

At each age, a woman dreams of looking beautiful and struggling with various troubles on her face. In youth, it is freckles and teen acne, in maturity - wrinkles and loose skin. But there is a problem that can appear at any age - these are age spots. Of course, most often they overtake a woman after 40, when various failures occur in the skin when melanin is produced. Recently, however, pigment spots can also be observed in very young girls. What is it - a serious failure in the body or a temporary phenomenon? In this article you will learn what pigment spots are, how and why they appear, and also get acquainted with the main ways of their removal - both hardware and home.

Causes of age spots

A pigment spot is a skin with well-defined edges that has a darker shade and stands out against the general color of the epidermis. Pigmented spots are most often seen in people with fair skin. Freckles are also pigment spots, but some do not consider them a cosmetic defect. To remove the pigment spots and make the face monotonous, you need to know why they appear.

1. Ultraviolet. This is the most common cause of pigment spots on the face. After all, in fact, the stain is a cluster of melanin, which is actively produced under the influence of sunlight. Freckles most often begin to appear in spring, when the skin that is unprepared after winter is exposed to bright sunshine. After tanning, the skin can peel off - the upper layer of the epidermis is removed. If the skin is not treated properly at this time, pigment spots may appear in this place. It is extremely important to protect from the sun - especially the face, because the skin there is especially thin and tender. After all, traces after exposure to ultraviolet radiation is not only a cosmetic defect. Frequent and aggressive sun exposure to the skin can lead to oncology.Therefore, a hat with a wide brim and sunscreen - a prerequisite when you are in the sun for people with fair skin.
2. Age changes. The pigment spots that appear in people in adulthood are called lentigo. As a rule, they appear where the skin has been most exposed to the sun throughout life. This is a neckline, arms, upper back and shoulders, face. This pigmentation arises due to the active synthesis of melanin, but the impossibility of its spread over the entire surface of the skin.
3. Hormones. Hormonal restructuring of the body is another very common reason why pigmentation occurs. The fact is that melanin is produced throughout life and is evenly distributed over the surface of the skin. We need it to protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation. Hormones are responsible for the distribution of this substance over the skin. So, if the natural balance of these hormones is disturbed, melanin can be localized in certain places. Hormonal alteration of the body occurs during pregnancy. The appearance of age spots for this period is a frequent occurrence, especially in the third trimester.Pigmentation may increase during menopause, during the period of taking oral contraceptives, after an abortion.
4. Heredity. The structure and thickness of the skin, its susceptibility to sunlight, and the tendency to produce melanin is a hereditary factor. This information is passed from parent to child genetically. In the event that parents have or have skin problems, their health in this regard should be treated more closely.
5. Damage to the skin. Often, you can notice dark spots on the face after acne and black spots, from which it is subsequently very difficult to get rid of. Such scars may remain due to mechanical damage to the skin. Pigmentation can also occur at the site of burns, after the treatment of inflammation, boils, open wounds. Very often, the pigment appears due to incorrectly executed peeling. After removing the upper layer of the epidermis, the skin should be very carefully protected from the sun. When UV enters unprotected skin, the pigmentation increases several times.
6. Diseases of the internal organs. It so happens that the pigmentation on the face speaks of failures in the work of some internal organs.If the spots are more yellow, this indicates kidney disease. If the pigmentation is saturated brown - most likely, it is in the liver. Pigment spots may appear in violation of the gallbladder, pancreas. If the spots are combined with different types of rash, you need to check the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
7. Metabolism. When the metabolic processes in the body are disturbed and slowed down, toxins and slags simply do not have time to go outside. This leads to the fact that they can be released in the tissue, namely, on the skin. Pigmented spots can appear due to strong nervous experiences, with mental disorders, during a strict diet due to vitamin deficiencies. Very often, pigmentation occurs on the background of vitamin C and copper deficiency.
8. Allergic reaction. Very often, pigment spots can be an allergic reaction to some types of cosmetics - both decorative and caring. As a rule, such a reaction occurs immediately after application and quickly passes. Therefore, there is no problem with the diagnosis.

Pigment spots are not just a cosmetic defect.Any darkening on the skin, and especially if they change their structure, shape and color intensity, you need to explore. Be sure to see your doctor to rule out various skin diseases and oncology.

How to treat age spots

It is necessary to see a doctor with the problem of pigment spots, also because the doctor must determine the cause of their appearance. This is very important, since only knowing the source of the problem, it can be solved once and for all. If the cause of the spots is allergy, it is necessary to eliminate the effect of the allergen and take antihistamines. As a rule, this is enough for the spots to disappear after a while. If it is a matter of diseases of internal organs, it is necessary to do a thorough diagnosis and identification of the true diagnosis.

Pigment spots that occurred on the background of pregnancy usually disappear after giving birth. Other hormonal changes that provoke pigmentation should be normalized. During menopause, women are prescribed special drugs to compensate for the lack of estrogen, which the body no longer produces.This allows you to align the hormones and get rid of age spots.

If the pigment appears due to age-related changes, exposure to the sun or violation of the integrity of the skin, only cosmetic procedures will help. With the right approach, the tone of the face can be aligned almost completely.

Cosmetic procedures against age spots

Here are the popular cosmetology procedures with which you can clean your face of pigment spots.

1. Cryotherapy. This is the effect of liquid nitrogen, which brightens the surface layer of the skin. After the procedure, scars may remain, so you should only trust an experienced master.
2. Laser. It is possible to remove pigment spots using laser exposure. The method is applicable for small areas of pigmentation. The laser gently removes the top layer of the epidermis along with dark areas. This is a good way to get rid of the pigment - after the laser exposure there are no scars and marks.
3. Peeling. This is a large group of different procedures, which is to exfoliate the top layer of the epidermis. Chemical peeling involves the application to the skin of various acids, which corrodes the keratinized skin scales.Mechanical peeling is a direct effect and mechanical removal of the upper layer of the epidermis. One type of mechanical peeling is dermabrasion, when the skin is cleaned by a special doctor on an axis with a brush.
4. Mesotherapy. Mesotherapy is the introduction of a special vitamin complex under the skin, which nourishes it with necessary components and brightens the pigment spots.
5. Phototherapy This method is used for deep and pronounced pigmentation. Certain light pulses act on the subcutaneous layer and lighten the pigment from the inside.

Find the right procedure that is right for you, help a cosmetologist. But do not despair if there is no time or money for going to the salon. Whiten the skin is quite possible and improvised means.

How to whiten the skin at home

First, you need to use special bleaching creams, lotions and tonics. In their composition there are components that slightly lighten the pigmentation over and over again. Similar skin care products should be used constantly. Once a week you need to do peeling to remove the top keratinous layer of skin.After all, the pigment accumulates mainly on the surface of the epidermis. The rest of the time you need to do caring and brightening facials to help you even out its color. Here are the most popular and truly effective remedies for getting rid of age spots.

1. Parsley and cucumber. Half a cucumber needs to be crushed in a blender with a bunch of parsley applied to the skin. Leave on for 10 minutes and then wash off the mask with warm water.
2. Lemon and kefir. Lemon should be mixed with kefir and every day apply this mask on the face. It not only brightens, but also perfectly moisturizes and tones the skin.
3. Chamomile. Strong decoction of chamomile whitens the face. Broth can wash in the morning and evening. If you mix it with alcohol, you get a brightening lotion for oily skin. Freeze chamomile cubes and get an invigorating procedure to lighten the skin.
4. Lemon, sugar, butter. Mix a tablespoon of lemon with the same amount of any cosmetic oil. Add a teaspoon of sugar and proceed to peeling until the sugar has dissolved. Citric acid corrodes the surface of the skin, sugar crystals exfoliate flakes of dead skin, and the oil moisturizes and nourishes it.This is a great recipe for home scrub that perfectly cleanses the skin.
5. Hydrogen peroxide. This is another composition that whitens any surface, including skin. But peroxide should be applied dotted - right on the dark areas to even out the overall tone of the face. After peroxide, apply a nourishing cream on your face and beat it with fingertips for 5 minutes. This will moisturize the epidermis, otherwise the skin will begin to peel off.
6. Viburnum. Few people know, but this tasty berry also has an excellent lightening property. 3-5 fresh or frozen berries should be crushed and put the pulp on the face. Leave on for 10 minutes and then rinse with water. The result will be noticeable after the first application - the skin will become slightly lighter.

All of these ingredients have a powerful bleaching property. They can be used individually or combined in different masks. The main thing is not to hold the mask for too long and monitor the process, otherwise the face will be lightened very much.

In matters of combating pigmentation, it is very important to pay attention to prevention. Be sure to use sunscreen with a high level of SPF when going outside.Wear caps, hats and other hats with wide floors to protect your skin from direct sunlight. Especially after peeling. Give up tanning, even if the tan seems attractive to you - this is a direct path to pigmentation. If acne and blackheads appear on the skin, do not crush or injure it - contact your beautician. If the area of ​​pigmented skin increases, it is necessary to see a doctor. The measures taken in time will help you return your skin to its former purity and naturalness. Be irresistible at any age!

Video: home treatment of pigment spots on the face