Vomiting of blood during pregnancy: causes and treatment

Vomiting is a symptom that women often experience during pregnancy, it usually accompanies toxicosis. However, vomit with blood is a sign of a dangerous pathological process that can adversely affect the course of pregnancy and the formation of the fetus.

Causes of vomiting blood during pregnancy

The formation of blood veins in vomit can be caused by several reasons. Below are the most common ones.

Binge eating
Eating large amounts of food can lead to intestinal overload and vomiting. In the period of carrying a child, this condition is observed in most cases in the last weeks of pregnancy. The uterus is actively growing and pressing on the stomach, as a result of which its capacity becomes smaller.

The abuse of fat, pepper, fried and other heavy dishes increases the risk of vomiting at this time.

Impurities of blood are formed due to prolonged vomiting. Prolonged muscle spasm causes local damage to the mucous membranes of the esophagus and stomach, and this is due to the acquisition of vomitus reddish or brown color. In this condition, a pregnant woman experiences symptoms such as nausea, pain in the epigastric region, and general malaise.

Food poisoning
Poor quality food can lead to acute intestinal infectious disease (toxic infection), which is accompanied by vomiting. If the gastric mucosa is severely affected, blood may be noticed in the vomit. Other clinical manifestations of food poisoning are:

• development of vomiting in 30-120 minutes after eating;
• nausea;
• the formation in vomit remnants of undigested food;
• diarrhea;
• elevated body temperature.

Vomiting and upset stool for a long time can cause dehydration, the appearance of convulsions, loss of consciousness. A serious condition can cause a miscarriage in any month of pregnancy.If the expectant mother suspects food poisoning, she should immediately visit a doctor.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
A stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer can cause blood vomiting. In addition, these diseases are accompanied by the following clinical manifestations:

• nausea after eating;
• belching;
• heartburn;
• pain in the epigastric region.

The appearance of blood in the vomit often signals the formation of bleeding from an ulcer. The color of the masses darkens. There is a sharp decrease in pressure, increased heart rate, shortness of breath occurs. When blood enters the intestine, the stool becomes black.

For perforation of gastric ulcers also characterized by such a symptom as vomiting blood. In this condition, not only the mucous membrane is damaged, but also other layers of the organ. In this case, the expectant mother feels severe acute pain in the stomach and sometimes can even lose consciousness during an attack.

Another dangerous complication of an ulcer is penentration — a condition thatin which the pathological process extends beyond the affected organ. This phenomenon is also accompanied by the development of vomiting with blood. In this case, this symptom is very dangerous. If you do not provide medical care in a timely manner, a pregnant woman may develop peritonitis, and even death is possible.

Oncology
The appearance of blood in the vomit is a sign of such a dangerous disease as gastric cancer. Increasingly, the disease is detected in women at a young age, and carrying a child does not provide protection against it. On the contrary, changes in the level of hormones and restructuring of the body, characteristic of pregnancy, can cause a rapid growth of the neoplasm and the onset of bleeding. The clinical manifestations of gastric cancer include the following:

• intolerance to some products;
• bouts of nausea;
• stomach pains not associated with food intake;
• general deterioration of health.

Signs of cancer are not characteristic and can be observed in various diseases. It is possible to make the correct diagnosis only after a comprehensive examination. For the diagnosis it is necessary to conduct such studies as biopsy of gastric tissues and FGDS.Pregnant women are rarely sent to such studies, and only in situations where, according to doctors, the possible benefits for the future mother are higher than the risk to the baby.

Vomiting of blood in early pregnancy

Vomiting in the first weeks of carrying a child is the main symptom of toxicosis. Besides him, the future mother notices the following signs:

• loss of appetite;
• nausea (especially in the morning);
• intolerance to certain products and odors;
• increased salivation;
• drowsiness;
• lethargy.

The formation of blood inclusions in vomit occurs due to severe toxicosis, if the attacks of vomiting are very frequent, nausea persists for a whole day. A pregnant woman's body weight decreases, there are symptoms of dehydration (dry skin, thirst, rare urination). Blood in vomit appears as a result of injury to the mucous membrane of the esophagus or the stomach due to severe vomiting. With such a condition, the future mother must be hospitalized in order to be treated in the hospital.

Such a symptom at the beginning of pregnancy may indicate an exacerbation of the ulcer.Against the background of toxicosis, the appearance of bleeding from an old ulcer and the appearance of the remaining symptoms of this disease are not excluded.

Vomiting blood in the last weeks of pregnancy

Vomiting of blood may also occur in the third trimester. Sometimes this condition is observed in the last month of pregnancy. At this time, the cause is most often the increased pressure of the uterus with the growing fetus on the internal organs, including the stomach. Even normal overeating is the cause of the development of vomiting with blood in this period.

A special danger at this time is preeclampsia, which develops as a result of the fact that the mother’s body’s capacity is not enough to provide the baby with oxygen and nutrients, which causes hypoxia.

Gestosis in late pregnancy is accompanied by symptoms such as the appearance of edema, headaches, increased blood pressure, vomiting with blood. The danger of this phenomenon is that it can cause fetal hypoxia, premature labor or complications during labor.

First aid

If the expectant mother has vomiting blood, you should:

• put it on its side;
• put a basin nearby in case the attack recurs;
• from time to time to measure blood pressure, pulse, monitor the frequency of breathing;
• offer pregnant women plenty of warm drinks to prevent dehydration.

Treatment

• therapist;
• gastroenterologist;
• gynecologist.

When drug therapy try to use drugs that do not harm the fetus. The following medications are used:

• sorbents - Polysorb, Smekta;
• antiviral drugs - Anaferon, Arbidol;
• enzymes - Festal, Mezim;
• means to support the work of the liver - Lecithin, Hofitol.

The doctor should be responsible for selecting the type of medicine and dose, self-medication during pregnancy is strictly prohibited.

Important! It is necessary to adjust the diet, eat more fluids.

Vomiting of blood in pregnant women is observed in rare cases. If a similar symptom appears, in no case should you give yourself a treatment yourself, so as not to harm the child. The doctor will prescribe the necessary examinations and select the appropriate therapy based on their results.

Video: how to survive a strong toxemia