Vomiting in a child - the main causes and treatment

Vomiting is an arbitrary eruption of the contained stomach. The process passes through the mouth opening. Due to the fact that the upper abdomen is relaxed, and in the lower there are spasms, there is a rapid contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm and stomach. Subsequently, through the esophagus, undigested food comes out. When this process occurs: pain in the throat, increased acidity of the oral cavity and an unpleasant smell. The manifestation of this disease may depend on many factors. Vomiting can occur in any year of life of the child. If products are not digested and leave the body, parents need to know the plan to combat vomiting.

Causes of Vomiting

In infants and newborns, an arbitrary food eruption is noticeable when digestion or teething is becoming, and in older children, it is due to the fact that the body wants to deal with the irritant coming from the environment.

First of all, this ailment is possible due to nutrition. The main causes of vomiting are expired products, overeating, or a huge amount of fats that make up the food eaten the day before. Often possible poisoning with medical drugs. And sometimes an untidy kind of food can provoke a gag reflex.

Vomiting can inform parents of serious illnesses that the body is prone to. In some cases, the baby develops gastritis, dysbiosis, salmonellosis. If during attacks of food eruption the temperature rises more than 38 degrees - most likely these are messengers of intestinal flu or oral infection. Arbitrary cleansing of the stomach is possible with craniocerebral diseases, for example, with migraine, meningitis or concussion.

Also, vomiting can cause high fever, so it is important to understand the cause of its origin.It can occur under the influence of external factors, such as sunstroke, rocking in a vehicle, stress, stuffy room with insufficient humidity.

Only in rare cases vomiting is not accompanied by anything. Basically, it comes with any factors. It is with their help that one can understand what is the cause.

Vomiting without raising body temperature

Vomiting with fever

When the temperature rises in a child accompanied by vomiting, one should think about an infectious disease of the body. This is a great threat to the health of the baby. In this situation, only a specialist is able to give a correct assessment. You need to call the doctor as soon as possible so that complications do not appear. The doctor is able to prescribe a course of treatment, it can often be stationary. It is important to trace what appeared first. Temperature can cause vomiting. If they manifest simultaneously, these are signs of an intestinal infection. Accurate diagnosis can only be called a medical professional.

The color of vomiting can tell about the source of its occurrence:

1. Yellow - occurs when a child has been poisoned by food. Possible appendicitis or intestinal infection.
2. Red - occurs as a result of damage to the esophagus or mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. Able to manifest in gastric bleeding.
3. With nervous excitability and stress, a green tint is noticeable.
4. Black color informs about the consumption of chemical drugs.

What is the first thing to do?

If vomiting appeared once, then you do not need to give this special attention. Most likely, the body has been influenced by the environment or reacted to poor-quality products. However, if this process appears several times a day - the help of doctors is necessary. The main reasons are:

• Temperatures above normal.
• Pain in the abdominal cavity, accompanied by a liquid feces.
• Poor health, lethargic appearance, loss of consciousness.
• Vomiting that occurs regularly throughout the day.

First aid is provided to the child before the arrival of the ambulance brigade. This will help improve his condition and not aggravate the situation.

1. The baby is placed in bed, turning his head to the side. When new food eruptions enclose a towel or napkin under it.
2. Hands of the child should always be in a horizontal position.
3. Under no circumstances should you give food, it can become an aggressor.
4. Medicines for churning temperature (for example, paracetamol) should be given only at 38 degrees or higher.
5. If vomiting enters again, put the patient in and incline his body forward. So undigested food will not fall back into the stomach and lungs.
6. It is necessary to rinse the oral cavity with water. It should not be hot, so as not to irritate the mucous.
7. When soiling clothes, you must change clothes.
8. It is necessary to talk with the child, it is impossible to frighten him with the state he is in. It is necessary to explain to him that soon everything will pass, you just need to be treated.
9. After each eruption of the contents of the stomach, it is allowed to take two or three sips of clean water. Also a good remedy will be dilution of smekta.
10. Under no circumstances can manganese or alcohol be used.
11. With profuse diarrhea, it is recommended to change the underwear each time. It may remain traces of infection.
12. In his spare time, you need to collect things and documents of the parent and child. This may be necessary in case of hospitalization.

In some cases, the process of vomiting is not accompanied by anything. Parents in this situation do not know what action to take. If the process is repeated, be sure to call the hospital. There the child will have to undergo a number of medical diagnostic procedures. Do not be afraid to call doctors! Unskilled assistance can have serious consequences for the baby.

Diagnostic procedures

Basically, the cause of vomiting in a child becomes known due to accompanying factors (diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc.). With the missing symptoms, a thorough examination is carried out in the hospital. Upon arrival, the parent should clearly report on the first time vomiting was noticed, whether its occurrence is a single case or whether it is repeated many times, whether it is associated with meals, whether the child has recently suffered any illnesses, whether there have been changes in his weight and condition.

First of all, the doctor measures the temperature of the patient, then examines the body of the child for the presence of a rash. A check of the pulse, pressure and state of respiration is necessary. With the help of ultrasound learn about the size of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. It is necessary to determine whether the problem with the stomach is basic. The doctor can take the oral mass for research to find impurities in it.

When they enter the hospital, they take a complete blood count and urine from the child. Also, in addition to abdominal ultrasound, can explore the head region. If the situation is critical, FGDs (an extremely unpleasant procedure for a child) is done.Also the research method is an x-ray of the abdominal cavity. Often, the doctor sends the baby with parents for additional examinations to narrow specialists. This happens when the doctor sees certain problems with the body, but without the confirmation of other doctors can not make an accurate diagnosis based on their assumptions.

Child treatment

The treatment takes place in two directions. In the first case, the gag reflex is reduced by the use of preparations of temporary action. In the second direction, the main disease, which caused vomiting, is already being treated. The doctor prescribes certain medications, makes recommendations for the treatment of the child.

The following drugs are prescribed:

1. Salt solutions, smect, Zeercal.
2. Brionius and Aetuzu may be prescribed for homeopathy.
3. For the prevention of the abdominal cavity: Hilak Forte, Mezim. For very young children you can buy Bifiform.
4. Activated carbon is used for intoxication of the body.
5. Remedies for diarrhea are: Calcium carbonate, Diarol, Imodium.

Reception of preparations should be coordinated with the expert. Children under one year should be given medicines in the form of suspensions or suppositories.

The stomach should be washed in case of poisoning. If a tumor is noticeable, surgical intervention is necessary.

Permitted Products

It is necessary to exclude products with a large amount of fat. Food should be filled with vitamins. Carbohydrate intake also needs to be reduced. Because of them, intestinal fermentation may occur. The most versatile dishes are rice and buckwheat cereals with milk. Such food should be pasteurized, diluted with water. For babies under one year old the main product is breast milk.

Strictly prohibit the reception of the following products:

• Chips, Kirieshki, Rolton or Doshirak.
• Soda and lemonade.
• Fried foods.
• Sour milk products.
• Mushrooms
• Soups on beef or mushroom broth.

Dieting contributes to the speedy recovery of the baby.

What can happen if you take no action?

With the timely provision of medical services, the child will recover. However, if you do not take anything for a long time, severe complications are possible. Vomiting promotes dehydration. With frequent attacks, the mucous membrane of the baby’s stomach and pharynx is damaged. If the vomit passes into the trachea, aspiration pneumonia occurs. After frequent attacks, problems with the teeth are also noticeable, as the gastric juice coming out eats away the enamel.

Thus, at the first manifestation of vomiting, parents should already be alerted and take control of the situation. Be sure to see whether the seizures will be repeated. And, if this happens, do not be afraid to call an ambulance. A child’s health may be at risk.

Video: what to do if a child has vomiting?