Thin pig - description, poisonous mushroom

Long since the freckles were consumed everywhere in food, people considered them the most valuable mushrooms in terms of components. However, mycology does not stand still; today, these gifts of the forest have been assigned a different characteristic. Experts have come to the conclusion that the mushroom is poisonous in its characteristics, and therefore it is necessary to radically reconsider its attitude towards it. But let's not get ahead of ourselves, examine all aspects in turn.

Description

1. Under the pig is understood to be a poisonous gift of forest nature, which does not need to be eaten. It belongs to the category of basidiomycots, as well as the family of svushkovykh. These specimens also have their own class, agaricomycetes, as well as the genus, svinushki. You can meet mushrooms in different climatic regions and regions, but in which place there are more, you will not be able to say for sure.
2. If you translate the name from the Latin language, then a pig means a bag or a package of small size.In the vastness of our homeland, the name mushroom has acquired thanks to an interesting form. It is somewhat similar to a pig pyatkam, respectively, he was nicknamed on the basis of this. Mushrooms are also called solohs, dunks, fetyukhs and cowsheds.
3. Copies do not belong to large-sized, they are rather average. According to their external data are similar to the masses. In terms of dimensional features, the mushrooms grow to 12-15 cm. But in nature there were also those representatives of the detachment whose hat had a diameter greater than 20 cm.
4. Juveniles are distinguished by their convex upper part. When a mushroom matures, its cap becomes concave and compacted. The undulating edges tuck into the bottom.
5. The hat on the color is brownish with yellowish patches, as well as olive, brownish with a red tint, brown with gray markings. The final shade will be formed when the fungus grows and ceases to be considered young. Over time, the color goes from dark to light or vice versa. The bottom of the hat is white with gray, there may be a red-brownish or yellowish tint.
6. The structure of the pulp is compacted, pale, beige with a yellow sheen.If you break or cut it, the soft part will darken. The cover of the cap is dry and rough. But if it rains constantly, it will become sticky and shiny. The base of the fungus in diameter reaches 2 cm, and in height it is 9 cm. Its color is similar to the color of the hat. As a rule, freckles grow in small groups.
7. These mushrooms are common in different climatic regions, they need moderate humidity. Presented gifts of the forest can be found in the coniferous forest. They are also in mixed or hardwood strip. Often grow on different meadow fields, forest edges, near marshland.
8. Freckles can live on trees, groups pasted rhizomes. These fungi differ from themselves in that they bear fruit for a long time (in July-October). As for the mode of reproduction, this is done through spores.

Edibility

1. It is worth noting that until the beginning of the 21st century, the mushrooms under consideration were considered practical edible. In the late 90s, such specimens officially recognized that they are not suitable for food, as they are poisonous.
2. In 1944, a German specialist began to say that svinushki possess poisonous properties. After he tried them, after a while he felt worse. Mycologist has diarrhea, vomiting and fever.
3. After about 2.5 weeks, the specialist died. Doctors diagnosed acute renal failure. Separately, it is worth noting that the composition of such specimens contains lectins (a special toxin). The problem is that such an enzyme does not break down even after repeated heat treatment.
4. Svinushka is by its nature capable of reproducing a rather dangerous poison. It is called Muscarin. Its degree of danger can be compared with the poison of the red mushroom. Numerous studies have shown that in the presented copies there is a unique antigen. It is he who destroys the structure of cell membranes in the human body.
5. As a result, the protective antibodies of the human body recognize their own affected cells as a threat. As a result, healthy cells attack the affected. The problem is that the human body begins to destroy itself. As a result, red blood cells are damaged in the blood.Hemolytic anemia develops.
6. This is followed by progressive renal failure and nephropathy. Antibodies in the body can develop only over time. Unfortunately, during this period the liver is seriously affected. In addition, svinushki in large quantities accumulate in their structure a huge amount of heavy metals.
7. This number may also include radioactive isotopes of cesium and copper. Only these elements already provoke the most serious poisoning. In addition, if you take the mushrooms in question for food, then the person almost always develops an allergic reaction.

First aid

1. If you diagnosed yourself with the first signs of poisoning with these mushrooms, immediately call an ambulance. If you slow down with treatment, the consequences can be disastrous. Unfortunately, a quality antidote has not yet been created.
2. To reduce the development of an allergic reaction and slow down the destruction of the immune system, it is necessary to take drugs with antihistamine effects. In order to achieve full recovery, you will have to resort to the help of hemodialysis and plasmapheresis.

Initially, the specimens in question were allowed to be eaten.In the late 90s, the consumption of mushrooms was officially banned. The product was recognized as a deadly poison. It was a German mycologist who died who first tried these mushrooms. Therefore, if you go into the forest, you should not collect such specimens.

Video: thin pig (Paxillus heputus)